Cooling
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Never add coolant to an overheated engine; allow engine to cool first. Check specific gravity of antifreeze solution frequently in cold weather to assure adequate protection. When permanent antifreeze and water solutions are used in the cooling system, the solution should be drained and replaced "EVERY 2000 SERVICE HOURS OR 1 YEAR". However, when additions of inhibitor are made to the cooling system "EVERY 500 SERVICE HOURS OR 3 MONTHS", it is not necessary to drain and refill yearly. The antifreeze change period can be extended to 4000 service hours or 2 years. The cooling system should contain a 3% concentration of AVSpare Cooling System Inhibitor, or equivalent, at all times regardless of concentration of antifreeze. Do not use AVSpare Cooling System Inhibitor with Dowtherm 209 Coolant. |
If machine is to be stored in, or shipped to, an area with below freezing temperatures; the cooling system must either be protected to the lowest expected ambient temperature, or drained completely.
NOTE: The engine cooling system is protected to -20°F (-29°C), with permanent-type antifreeze, when shipped from the factory.
Use clean water that is low in scale forming minerals, not softened water. Add AVSpare Cooling System Inhibitor or equivalent to the water to provide corrosion protection. Follow the recommendations on the container for the quantity required.
Whenever draining and refilling cooling system, always recheck the cooling level when the engine reaches normal operating temperature.
Filling at over 5 U.S. gallons (19 litres) per minute can cause air pockets in the cooling system.
Premix antifreeze solution to provide protection to the lowest expected ambient temperature. Pure undiluted antifreeze will freeze at -10°F (-23°C).
Operate with a thermostat in the cooling system all year-round. Cooling system problems can arise without a thermostat.
Electrical
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When using jumper cables be sure to connect in parallel: POSITIVE (+) to POSITIVE (+) and NEGATIVE (-) to NEGATIVE (-). |
When using external electrical source to start machine, turn disconnect switch off and remove key before attaching jumper cables.
Hydraulic
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Make-up oil added to the hydraulic system must mix with the oil already in the tank. Use only petroleum products unless system is equipped for use with special products. |
Water or air can cause pump failure. If hydraulic oil becomes cloudy, then water or air is entering the system. Drain fluid, retighten hydraulic suction line clamps, purge and refill system. See your AVSpare dealer for purging instructions.
Fuel
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Fill fuel tank at the end of each day of operation to drive out moisture laden air and to prevent condensation. Do not fill the tank to the brim. The fuel expands when it gets warm and may overflow. |
Check fuel level with dipstick in filler opening.
Water and sediment should be drained from the fuel tank at the start of each shift or after the fuel tank has been filled and allowed to stand for 5 to 10 minutes.
Drain fuel tank of moisture and sediment as required by prevailing conditions.
After changing fuel filters, always bleed fuel system to remove air bubbles from system.
Drain water and sediment from the main fuel storage tank weekly, and before the tank is refilled. This will help prevent water or sediment from being pumped from the storage tank into the machine fuel tank.
Air Intake
Check precleaner screen daily for accumulation of dust and debris.
Service air cleaners when RED band in indicator locks in visible position.
General
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Accumulated grease and oil on a machine is a fire hazard. Remove this debris with steam cleaning or high pressure water, at least every 1000 hours or each time any significant quantity of oil is spilled on a machine. |
Drain moisture and sediment from air reservoirs at the beginning of each day of operation.
Wipe all fittings, caps and plugs before servicing.
Servicing Motor Graders That Have Been Exposed To Sub-Zero Temperatures
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Extremely high pressures in the hydraulic system, caused by hydraulic oil expansion as the oil warms up in the service shop, after being exposed to sub-zero temperatures, can cause damage to the machine. |
To prevent damage to the machine either of the two following methods may be used.
- 1. Loosen the hydraulic lines at either end of EACH cylinder, allowing trapped oil to drain, until the machine is near shop temperature.
- 2. Remove one hydraulic line at EACH cylinder and drain 16 ounces (480 millilitres) of oil from the line and cylinder into a container, to avoid oil spills. Re-tighten hydraulic lines when the machine is near shop temperature.