16G MOTOR GRADER Every 2000 Service Hours Or 1 Year Caterpillar

NOTICE

If machine is to be stored in, or shipped to, an area with below freezing temperatures; the cooling system must either be protected to the lowest expected ambient temperature, or drained completely.

When permanent antifreeze and water solutions are used in the cooling system, the solution should be drained and replaced. "EVERY 2000 SERVICE HOURS OR 1 YEAR."

However, when additions of inhibitor are made to the cooling system "EVERY 500 SERVICE HOURS OR 3 MONTHS", it is not necessary to drain and refill yearly. The antifreeze change period can be extended to 4000 service hours or 2 years.

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NOTICE

Do not use AVSpare Cooling System Inhibitor with Dowtherm 209.

NOTE: Add 1 pint (.5 litre) of AVSpare Cooling System Inhibitor, or equivalent, per 4 U.S. Gallons (15 litres) of coolant to give a 3% concentration of corrosion inhibitor to the cooling system.

1. Loosen radiator cap slowly to relieve pressure.

2. Open cooling system drain valve and drain coolant.

3. Remove coolant drain plug and drain coolant. Install drain plug.

4. Mix antifreeze solution to provide protection to the lowest expected ambient temperature.

NOTE: Do not completely fill cooling system. Allow for addition of AVSpare Cooling System Inhibitor, or equivalent, so that the cooling system will have a 3% concentration of inhibitor.

5. To help avoid air locks, add coolant slowly, at 5 U.S. gallons (19 litres) per minute or less, to within 1 to 1-1/2 inches (2.5 to 3.8 cm) below top of fill pipe.

6. Add antifreeze solution. See REFILL CAPACITIES. Add 5.25 pints (2.5 litres) of AVSpare Cooling System Inhibitor, or equivalent.

7. Start and run engine with radiator cap removed. Allow coolant to warm and level to stabilize. Add coolant if necessary. Stop engine.

NOTE: If it is necessary to add make up water daily, check for leaks.

8. Inspect radiator cap gasket. Replace if damaged. Install radiator cap.

(36)Tandem Drive Housing

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Hot oil or components can cause personal injury if they contact skin. Use caution when draining oil or changing filters.

1. Remove drain plugs (one in each tandem housing, total two) and drain oil.

2. Remove dipsticks (one in each compartment).

3. Remove and wash breathers in clean non-flammable solvent.

4. Clean vent hole in breathers.

5. Clean and install drain plugs.

6. Fill compartments through dipstick openings. See REFILL CAPACITIES.

7. Install dipsticks, finger tight, and measure oil level.

8. Start engine and operate vehicle a few minutes. Inspect for leaks.

9. Stop engine and measure oil level. Maintain oil level between ADD and FULL marks on dipsticks. Add oil if necessary.

(37)Hydraulic System

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Hot oil or components can cause personal injury if they contact skin. Use caution when draining oil or changing filters.

1. Remove fill cap slowly to relieve pressure.

2. Remove filler screen.

3. Remove drain plug and drain oil.

4. Clean and install drain plug.

5. Wash filler screen in clean non-flammable solvent. Allow screen to dry. Install screen.

6. Fill hydraulic tank. See REFILL CAPACITIES.

7. Install filler cap. Start engine and inspect for leaks.

8. Stop engine and observe oil level. Maintain oil level up to FULL mark in sight gauge.

(38)Circle Drive Housing

1. Remove drain plug and allow oil to drain.

2. Clean and install drain plug.

3. Fill compartment. See REFILL CAPACITIES.

4. Start engine and operate unit. Inspect for leaks.

5. Stop engine and observe oil level. Maintain oil level to bottom of fill plug opening. Add oil if necessary.

(39)Front Wheel Spindle Bearing Housings

1. Remove fill plug (A) (one each wheel).

2. Remove drain plug (B) (one each wheel) and drain lubricant.

3. Clean and install drain plugs.

4. Fill compartment. See REFILL CAPACITIES. Clean and install fill plugs.

5. Start engine and operate unit. Inspect for leaks.

6. Stop engine and observe oil level. Maintain oil level to bottom of fill plug opening. Add oil if necessary.

(40)Engine Valve Lash

There are two rocker arms (A) per cylinder. One for the two exhaust valves, and one for the two inlet valves. Each pair of valves is connected by a bridge (B), which is actuated by the rocker arm. The valves in each pair are adjusted simultaneously by the adjusting screw (C) in the rocker arm.

NOTE: If valve clearance is within ± .003 inch (0.08 mm) of the normal clearance given, adjustment is not required. If clearance is not within these limits adjust the valves.

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NOTICE

With engine stopped and cold, inspect and adjust the bridge and valve adjustment. Always turn flywheel in direction of normal rotation.

NOTE: Valves must be closed for bridge and valve lash adjustment.

1. Remove engine hood.

2. Remove timing bolt (A) and plug (B) from flywheel housing. Remove cover.

3. Remove camshaft covers. Turn flywheel slowly to close No. 1 exhaust and inlet valves. Install timing bolt (A) where plug (B) was removed from housing.

Bridge Adjustment

Adjustment of the bridge will be necessary only after grinding the valves or other reconditioning of the cylinder head is done. Make an adjustment to the bridge using the following procedure.

NOTE: Valves must be fully closed.

Inspect the bridge adjustment screw and locknut (D) for tightness before adjusting each valve. If the adjusting screw can be turned clockwise with a screwdriver, make adjustment as follows:

1. Back off adjusting screw several turns (counterclockwise), making sure it is not in contact with the valve stem.

2. Firmly press straight down on the rocker arm above point of contact with bridge.

3. Turn the adjusting screw clockwise until contact is made with the valve stem, then turn the adjusting screw an additional 1/12 turn.

4. Hold the adjusting screw in this position and tighten the locknut to 22 ± 3 lb. ft. (30 ± 4 N& N·m).

NOTE: After checking the bridge adjustment, make the valve lash adjustment.

Valve Adjustment

The valve clearance is .015 ± .003" (0.38 ± 0.08 mm) for inlet valves and .030 ± .003" (0.76 ± 0.08 mm) for exhaust valves. With this specification, no adjustment of the inlet valve clearance is needed unless it measures less than .012" (0.30 mm) or more than .018" (0.46 mm). Similarly, no adjustment of the exhaust valve clearance is needed unless it measures less than .027" (0.69 mm) or more than .033" (0.84 mm).

1. Put No. 1 piston at top dead center (TDC) on the compression stroke.

2. With No. 1 piston at TDC, on compression, and timing bolt installed, measure lash between the bridge and rocker arm on exhaust valves for cylinders 1, 3, and 5, and inlet valves for cylinders 1, 2, and 4.

3. Adjust valves if necessary.

4. To adjust, loosen valve adjusting locknut. Turn adjusting screw to allow feeler gauge to pass between top of bridge and valve rocker arm.

5. Tighten adjusting screw locknut to 22 ± 3 lb. ft. (30 ± 4 N·m) and measure lash. Readjust if necessary.

6. Remove the timing bolt and turn the flywheel 360° in the direction of engine rotation. Install the timing bolt in the flywheel.

7. Measure lash between the bridge and rocker arm of exhaust valves for cylinders 2, 4 and 6, and inlet valves for cylinders 3, 5 and 6. Adjust if necessary.

8. Tighten the valve adjusting screw locknut to 22 ± 3 lb. ft. (30 ± 4 N·m), and measure lash. Readjust if necessary.

9. Remove the timing bolt from the flywheel when all valve clearances are correct.

10. Remove engine turning tool.

11. Install cover, bolts and plug.